Espresso Running Too Fast or Slow
Shot timing is the foundation of dialing in. Here's how to hit the 25-30 second sweet spot.
⚡ Quick Answer
Shots running too fast (under 20 seconds) mean the grind is too coarse, dose too low, or tamp too light—water flows through too easily. Shots running too slow (over 35 seconds) mean grind is too fine, dose too high, or tamp too hard—creating excessive resistance. Adjust grind size first (finer to slow down, coarser to speed up). Then fine-tune with dose (±1g changes flow). Tamp pressure matters less than consistency—aim for level, firm tamp without obsession over exact force. Check pump pressure if grind changes don't help; failing pumps can't generate enough pressure regardless of puck resistance.
🎯 Key Takeaway: Grind size is your primary timing control—make big changes there first. Dose fine-tunes. If shots are always fast regardless of grind, check machine pressure or for channeling.
Shot Too Fast (Gushing, Under 20 sec)
Causes
Primary:
- • Grind too coarse
- • Dose too low
- • Severe channeling
- • Tamp too light/uneven
Secondary:
- • Old/stale beans
- • Wrong basket (too large)
- • Low machine pressure
- • High brew temperature
Fixes (In Order)
- 1. Grind finer: 1-2 notches on grinder adjustment
- 2. Increase dose: Add 0.5-1g coffee
- 3. Check for channeling: Use bottomless portafilter
- 4. Tamp firmer/more level: Consistent 20-30lb pressure
- 5. Check beans: Fresher beans = more resistance
Shot Too Slow (Dripping, Over 35 sec)
Causes
Primary:
- • Grind too fine
- • Dose too high
- • Tamp too hard
- • Clogged basket/screen
Secondary:
- • Roast too dark (oils clog)
- • Wrong basket (too small)
- • High machine pressure
- • Pre-infusion issues
Fixes (In Order)
- 1. Grind coarser: 1-2 notches on grinder adjustment
- 2. Reduce dose: Remove 0.5-1g coffee
- 3. Lighten tamp: Don't press as hard
- 4. Clean equipment: Basket, screen, group head
- 5. Check beans: Very dark roasts choke machines
Adjustment Hierarchy
| Variable | Impact on Flow | When to Adjust |
|---|---|---|
| Grind size | MAJOR | First adjustment for timing |
| Dose (±1g) | MODERATE | Fine-tuning after grind close |
| Tamp pressure | Minor | Consistency matters more than force |
| Brew ratio | Adjusts flavor | After timing is correct |
| Temperature | Minimal | Fine flavor tuning only |